Roger Mendoza

Take the theorem, test the claim: 3-6-9, vortex maths and a sphere

I gave 3-6-9 numerology, vortex mathematics and the Rodin coil one honest test each. Most claims didn't survive — but the mathematics hiding inside them produced the biggest engineering gain in the project.

Some ideas show up in engineering projects through the side door: the significance of 3, 6 and 9, vortex-math digital roots, the Rodin coil, golden spirals. The usual reactions are to roll your eyes or to believe it. I think both waste the one useful thing these ideas offer — a precise question.

So the rule for the Ternary-Six9 and Dictyon-net work was simple: every claim gets exactly one honest test, the result is written down, and the idea is retired or adopted on the evidence. Here's what happened.

The surprise: nine was never the problem

The Ternary-Six9 brief proposed encoding nine states as phase angles 40° apart — a nine-point dial. On a circle, that's a bad trade: nine phase states lose to eight once you account for the extra airtime needed to recover the lost margin.

But the hardware wasn't a circle. Three coils read by a three-axis magnetometer produce a 3-D vector. The right question is a nearly century-old one, the Tammes problem: how do you spread N points on a sphere as far apart as possible?

Minimum separation between N symbols: circle vs sphere4 symbols90.0°109.5°8 symbols45.0°74.9°9 symbols40.0°70.5°12 symbols30.0°63.4°
on a circle (phase dial)on a sphere (Tammes optimum)
Same symbols, same hardware, same power. Nine points on a sphere sit 70.5° apart versus 40° on a circle: a +4.55 dB gain in minimum distance. Source: dictyon-net finding 116.

The same nine symbols on a sphere sit 70.5° apart instead of 40°.

Efficiency relative to 8-PSK8-PSK baseline8-PSK (circle)1.00×9-PSK (circle)0.81×12-PSK (circle)0.44×9 symbols on a sphere2.84×
On a circle, nine states lose 19% to eight once the airtime to recover the lost margin is paid. On a sphere the same nine are 2.84× as efficient. Source: finding 116.

That's +4.55 dB — the largest single gain anywhere in the project, for no extra power or hardware. And a related idea from a phyllotaxis paper, the golden angle (137.5°), gives a formula that places any number of points nearly optimally — with an advantage over the circle that keeps growing as the constellation gets bigger.

The triadic idea pointed at a sphere. The sphere is what paid.

What didn't survive

Nine isn't special. The famous structure of the doubling sequence mod 9 — 1, 2, 4, 8, 7, 5 repeating, with 3 and 6 trading places and 9 fixed — is what every prime square does. Mod 25 gives the same three tiers; so does mod 121. Nine is just the member of the family we see because we count in base ten.

Long-cycle length of the doubling map, mod p²mod 9 (3²)6mod 25 (5²)20mod 121 (11²)110
9 → [6, 2, 1], 25 → [20, 4, 1], 121 → [110, 10, 1]. The famous three tiers (long cycle, short cycle, fixed point) appear for every prime square, not just nine. Source: finding 119.

The doubling map can't be a physical rotation. Its cycle structure would require three points to sit on a rotation axis, and a line only meets a sphere in two places. That's a proof, not a measurement.

3-6-9 isn't a special set in oscillation. A square-wave transmitter emits odd harmonics: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9… Six isn't one of them.

Mod-9 doesn't crack cryptography.

Bits of a secret exponent revealed by Nˣ mod mmod 9, N = 71.58 bitsmod 9, N = 22.58 bitsmod 25, N = 24.32 bitsmod 121, N = 26.78 bits
Knowing Nˣ mod m reveals x mod ord(N): a few bits. A 2048-bit discrete log needs about 2048. The instinct is Pohlig–Hellman, which safe primes defeat. Source: finding 120.

A spreadsheet looked for leakage between Nˣ mod p and Nˣ mod 9. The most it can reveal is about 2.58 bits of the secret exponent. The instinct behind it is real, though — it's a crude form of the Pohlig–Hellman algorithm, which is exactly why cryptographers use "safe primes".

The energy claims don't follow. The Rodin-coil mathematics in R. P. Blake's appendix is careful and correct. But correct elementary number theory doesn't support claims of fuel-free energy, and the package itself says the effects of a properly built coil "remain untested".

The part I'm proudest of

At one point I credited a finding as a correction to the vortex-maths workbook it came from. It wasn't: the workbook's author had already generalised past nine, pairing every base with its own modulus. The ledger got a correction, as prominent as the original. If you're going to hold other people's ideas to a standard, your own records have to meet it too.

The principle

Rigorous mathematics often arrives in mystical packaging. Take the theorem; test the claim.

Tammes packing, the tetrahedral "magic angle", the golden-angle spiral and Pohlig–Hellman are all solid, well-known mathematics. Each arrived here wrapped in a claim far bigger than it could carry. Unwrapping it — keeping the theorem, testing the claim — gave the project its best results.

The full write-up, with method, tables, limitations and references, is in the Academic Theory paper.